Registration for the virtual 2025 ARA Institute is now open! Join us on September 8 and 9.
The Academy of Rehabilitative Audiology (ARA) is pleased to announce the 2025 Herbert J. Oyer Award Scholarship, recognizing outstanding student research in the field of aural rehabilitation (AR). This award supports students in academic programs (e.g., audiology, communication sciences and disorders, speech-language pathology) by providing an opportunity to showcase their research in AR and connect with ARA members at the Institute.
Title: Conceptualizing Bilateral Cochlear Implantation in Adults: A Preliminary Qualitative Analysis
Authors: Jessica H. Lewis, AuD; Terrin N. Tamati, PhD; Aaron C. Moberly, MD
Abstract: Recent data suggests that bilateral cochlear implant (CI) use in the adult population has become more common, making up approximately 30% of adult CI patients in the United States. Bilateral implantation has been associated with better speech in noise understanding, sound localization, and hearing-related quality of life when compared to unilateral CI use. However, for audiologists and surgeons, the decision to recommend a second CI remains unclear and multifaceted. Previous research attempts to determine standard criteria for recommending bilateral implantation in adults have been unsuccessful. As a result, the field continues to operate using a patient-driven approach for which clinicians are unable to provide evidence-based counseling to assist patients in making decisions regarding second CIs. While there have been substantial efforts to understand the patient experience for first CIs, second CI have received little attention regarding patient preferences, values, and goals. Given the current patient-driven model, there is an urgent need to understand the patient experience surrounding second CIs. As such, the objective of the current study was to 1) determine the contextual factors associated with second CI uptake and 2) describe the patient experience of transitioning from one CI with a contralateral hearing aid (bimodal hearing) to bilateral CIs using qualitative methods.
Methods: Semi-structured patient interviews were conducted with 12 adult sequentially-implanted bilateral CI users and 4 bilateral candidates (i.e., bimodal hearing individuals who are in the process of getting a second CI). Patients were recruited using a purposive sampling strategy and ranged in their respective speech recognition abilities and age (42-80 years old). All patients had >1 year of CI experience with their first CI. Interviews were transcribed and thematically coded
Results: Thematic analyses revealed that individual (e.g., first CI satisfaction), organizational (e.g., the audiologist making the patient aware that a second CI is an option), and interpersonal (e.g., family and/or spousal support) factors were all significant drivers of second CI uptake. Furthermore, findings demonstrated commonalities in primary motivating factors of getting a second CI. Specifically, four distinct patient profiles were identified: 1) low hearing aid satisfaction prior to their first CI; 2) high-performing first CI users; 3) poor-performing first CI users; and 4) decrease in hearing-aid-ear function over time after the first CI. Moreover, the following themes were identified when patients were asked to describe the experience of going from bimodal hearing to bilateral CIs: 1) music enjoyment; 2) audibility of environmental sounds; 3) localization and balance of sound; 4) social and emotional experiences; 5) aural rehabilitation with the second CI; and 6) patient recommendations for improvements in counseling.
Conclusions: By documenting the second CI experience using qualitative methods, novel insights into the patient perspective are provided. These descriptions will aid clinicians in counseling and identification of potential bilateral candidates by better understanding the needs and experiences of adult CI users. The following findings provide preliminary data for the development of a Shared Decision-Making tool for patients considering second CIs.
Title: How personality associate with listening effort, self-report and behavioral hearing perception
Authors: Shuang Qi; Linda Thibodeau
Abstract: Hearing difficulty (HD) in noise despite a typical audiogram may affect 10-15% of adults in the United States. HD can manifest as reduced self-reported hearing scoresand/or poorer behavioral hearing performance. Traditional assessments of aural rehabilitation (AR) outcomes have primarily relied on behavioral hearing-in-noise measures, such as word or sentence recognition tests, with age often being the only individual factor considered. However, self-reported hearing assessments also play a critical role in AR, as they may influence hearing device adoption and usage. Research suggests that hearing test outcomes may be influenced by other individual differences, including personality traits and listening effort. For example, some individuals may exhibit greater sound sensitivity or higher motivation, leading to increased effort to achieve comparable test results. Yet, the specific relationships among these factors remain poorly understood. This study was aimed to investigate the associations between personality, listening effort, and self-reported versus behavioral hearing perception in adults with self-reported typical hearing (TH). The findings may inform the development of additional clinical tests and provide recommendations for personalized outcome evaluations based on individual differences.
Methods: A total of 317 college students were involved ages 18-32 years with bilaterally self- reported TH. Participants completed tasks via a Qualtrics link online, beginning with a validated online hearing screening. The tasks include one validated self-report hearing evaluation questionnaire (15-item Speech, Spatial, and Qualities of Hearing Scale; 15iSSQ), evaluation of five personality traits (Big Five Model: Neuroticism, Openness, Extraversion, Conscientiousness, Agreeableness), and one behavioral hearing in noise test (i.e., digit-in-noise; DIN) at three SNRs (i.e., -9, -12, -15 dB). Participants also completed a self-report listening effort questionnaire (NASA Task Load Index; NASA-TLX) at each SNR. The Spearman correlation models were used to explore the relationships among the four factors.
Results: Spearman correlation analysis revealed that the 15iSSQ was significantly positively correlated with conscientiousness (r = 0.16) and negatively correlated with neuroticism (r = -0.21), but showed no significant associations with the other three traits. No significant correlations were found between personality traits and DIN scores at any of the three SNRs (p > 0.05). For the relationship between personality traits and NASA-TLX scores, only neuroticism was significantly correlated with DIN scores at -12 (r = 0.12) and -15 dB SNR (r = 0.17); all other correlations were nonsignificant (p > 0.05). Additionally, the 15iSSQ was significantly correlated with NASA-TLX scores at -9 (r = -0.15) and -12 dB SNR (r = -0.15) but not with DIN scores or NASA-TLX at -15 dB SNR (p > 0.05).
Conclusions: Levels of conscientiousness and neuroticism may account for self-reported hearing difficulty. Further explorations of how personality traits are associated with behavioral and listening effort measures as well as hearing device adoption are necessary to provide better individualized hearing care and service.
A $300 award in recognition of their outstanding research
Present their AR-related research at the 2025 Institute
Receive complimentary membership in ARA for the 2026 calendar year, which includes free registration for the 2026 Institute
Applicants must be currently enrolled in or have graduated within one year from an academic program related to AR. This includes Doctor of Audiology, Communication Sciences and Disorders, and Speech-language Pathology degree programs.
Research must be related to aural (re)habilitation
The recipient must be able to attend and present their research at the 2025 Institute
A brief nomination or self-nomination statement
A research abstract that summarizes the study, its significance to AR, and findings (500 words)
A CV or resume.
The submission deadline is now closed. Deadline was July 15, 2025